Daniel mcfarlan moore



PAT NT DANIEL MOFARLAN MOORE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

I ELECTRIC-LIGHTING SYSTEM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 548,128, dated October15, 1895.

Application filed April 10 18 95. Serial No. 545,168. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, DANIEL MCFARLAN MOORE, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at the city, county, and State of New York, haveinvented an Improvement in Electric Lamps and Circuits for the Same, ofwhich the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to certain improvements in a system ofelectric lighting disclosed in other pending applications filed by me,but more particularly claimed in my application for patent filed July19, 1895, Serial No. 556,457, as a continuance of the presentapplication as originally filed. In that system I produce luminouseffects in a rarefied receiver or other suitable lightgiving source bythe electric disturbances or vibrations set up in a circuit of inductionthrough interruptions of the current flowing thereon effected in avacuum.

The present invention relates particularly to arrangements whereby anumber of lamps may be operated by a single interruptergor series ofinterrupters common to said lamps and to arrangements of self-inductioncoils or similar reactive devices whereby the electric waves ordisturbances may be reinforced.

The invention consists, further, in a novel form of lamp adapted to berendered luminous by electric waves or disturbances operating in or upona receiver containing a rarefied gas or vapor.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating myinvention. Fig. 2 shows the invention as carried out with a modificationin the form of circuit interrupter. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of therotary interrupter. Fig. 4 illustrates a modification in theconnectionof the apparatus. Fig. 5 shows a simplified arrangement. Fig.6 shows another modification in the manner of connecting up the devicesto produce energy suitable for operating the lamp.

A is the lamp suitably made for operation by electric waves, vibrations,or disturbancesgenerated in a circuit of induction through suddeninterruptions of a current flowing through it. In a general way the lampmay tains a rarefied gas or vapor subjected to the action of electricityconveyed inductively or conductively to it to render it luminous. At thesame time it is to be understood that my invention may be carried out bythe use of any lamp adapted to be rendered luminous by sudden andrepeated electric waves, disturbances, or discharges,such as may bedeveloped, as herein described, by repeatedly interrupting a circuit ofinduction.

The lampAshoWn is a sealed bulb of glass into which circuit-wires 2 and3 enter and terminate within the bulb, as a ring 5, preferably ofaluminum, forming a-terminal of wire 2 and a helix or spiral 6,connected to wire 3. These are electrodes suitable for use when theenergy for operating the lamp is developed by interruptions of acontinuous current in the circuit of self-induction connected as hereindescribed. When an alternating current is used, the terminals should besimilar. v O is any suitable generator of electricity connected with themains or wires 7 8, and in multiple across said mains are placedinductive resistances indicated by the, letter B, and through which thecurrent from the generator 0 may flow. Each resistance B is formed,preferably, of a helix of self-induction and each constitues a shunt orbranch circuit around the terminals of one of the lamps A. It is obviousthat anyinterruption of the current flowing over the mains 7 8 andthrough the helices B will set up in each helix an extra current, whichwill act upon the circuit of the lamp to which it is connectedindependently of the other lamp or lamps.

I have before discovered that if the interruptions of the current-flowin the self-inductive helices be made very abrupt and are repeated withsufficient rapidity the electric disturbances or waves of energygenerated in the helices-B of self-induction will render the lamps Aluminous. These interruptions of the current-flow are preferably made ina vacuum which is as near as possible perfect.

In the diagram Fig. 5 I have illustrated my invention in a simple form.The interrupter of the current from the generator 0 is indicated at H.In Fig. 1 the interrupters are in dicated at F and E. The interrupter iscomposed, as designated in the latter figure, of a lamps.

vibrator-spring 18, adapted to make and break connection witha contact19. The parts of theinterrupter are inclosed in a sealed bulb,preferably of glass, which is exhausted The 'intererating saidinterrupter, I may employaa electromagnet 13", connected to thecircuits, as

shown in Fig. 5, so that the interruption of the connection by themagnet pulling down upon the armatureconnected with spring 18 willdc-energize the magnet and allow the spring to return to circuit-closing'position, the action being in all respects, so far as the movements-ofthe interrupter areconcerned, the same as those of the well knownautomatic magnetic vibrator. By iplacing the magnet "B in the positionshown,so asto-constitute practically one of the multiple-arc branchesacross the the circuits 7-8, it-z-i-S dbvious that "the electric*waves,v'ibrations, or disturbances generated by the interruption of theflow of current from generator 0 through magnet B will flow from theflatter in multiple with the *waves or disturbances from eachcoil B, soas to reinforcetheeflfect of the latter oneach lamp.

My invention is not limited to'anytparticular voltage of the: gen eratorC, but I havecbtained good results from an ordinaryonehundred-and-ten-volt continuous-currentgenerator acting upon thecoils B,suitably wound or proportioned as to their resistance andself-induction, so as to give a good reaction and extra current.

In Fig. l 'lhave illustrated the wa-yi-n'which two 'interrupters may actin'conjunction and the wavesor disturbances generated in'their actuatingmagnets may beconducted inborn-i mon "to the circuits 78*for operationupon the Each interrupterand its mag'netare connected to the circuit'insubstantially the same way as thatshown in Fig. 5,as will= be obviousfrom'inspection of the diagram.

In Fig. 4: I have shown another arrangement'of the vibrator-magnet, andthe coiils B in shunt aroundthelam'ps are omitted. 'l he magnet B inFig. 4,65 in the main circuit, as isobvious, and the waves ordisturbances ot sel't induction generated by int'erru-ption'ofthe'current-flow throughit circulate through the generator 0, to andfirom themains 7 and 8,foractionupon the'lamps A.

In the arrangement shown in Fig.6 thecircuit of induction which is*interruptedand which discharges to the lamps is that of the generatoralone. Although the magnet B is in the circuit when the current flows,yet it is in such position that upon interruption of thatc'ircuit itspath of discharge is broken, leaving the self inducti0n of the generator0 as the only effective agent for theproduction suitable bearingstherein and carrying armatures 't' of an electric motor, the field oractuating magnet of which is the magnet B. The

commutator of said motor consists of the spring 7', engaging with thecommutator or interrupter-wheel 0 within the vacuum, said commutatorbeing so arranged that it will close the circuit of the *m'agnetBto'cause the latterto attract the armatures, but will open the circuitias't he rarmatures approach the'imagne'tfwhereiipon ithe momentum willbring ithe'commutator around to close circuit and attract the"succeeding armature. The interrupter which-gen erates the wa vesordisturbances for operation on the lamlp consists of the spring riandwheel 0, as will be obvious, theicircuit arrangement beingsubstantialliy the same as thatshown in Fig. *5.

lheielectricail:actiomof the apparatus, Fig. 2, in.generating thewaves0r =disturbances for action'onthe lamp A is obviouslythe same as alreadyexplained.

to employ one such as described,wherein the rotation 'is producedbytheaction of an extra magnet the self-induction of which generates thewa'vesor disturbances by which the damp is' operated.

The generation of electric waves or "disturbances by repeatedinterruptions in a vacuum ofa-circ'uit of inductionin the man nerand bythe means herein describedand the employment ofsuch disturban cesto=generate light ina rarefied-gas=or vapor or other equivalent lamp arenot herein claimed, as they form the subject of claims in-my applicationfiled July 19, 1895, Serial No. 556,457 as a continuance of the presentapplication.

What "I claim as my invention is' l. Thecombination witha .num-berofelec tric lamps each consisting essentially of a rarefiedreceive'nadapted to be rendered luminous byielectricundulationsordisturbances, of a generator in a circuit common 'to suc'h lamps, a"shunt or branch of self-induction around eachlamp, andimeansfor'rapidly interrupting the current of said generatoiyas and for the:purposede'scribed.

2. The combination with lamps, substantially such-as describedyconnectedin -parallel to suitable mains, of a self-induction branch around eachlamp, a generator connected to said mains, and mean's forcontinuouslyproducing 1'epeated interruptions of the flow of currentfromsaidi-generator over the mains.

3. The combination with lamps, substantially such as described,connected in parallel to suitable mains,- of aself-induction branchti'culariform of rotary interru'pter,='but prefer said mains, and meansfor continuously producing, in a vacuum, repeated interruptions of theflow of current from said generator over the mains.

4. The combination with a number of lamps, substantially such asdescribed, connected in multiple to a suitable main, a self-inductionbranch around each lamp, a generator connected to the main, anindependent circuit or circuits of self-induction connected to themains, and means for producing repeated interruptions of connection ofsaid generator both with the latter circuit or circuits and with themain, as and for the purpose described.

25 ances whereby the lamp may be lighted.

. 1 I around each lamp, a generator connected to 6. The combination witha source of electric ehergyflcircuit connections and lamps, of a circuitbreaker, an inclosing exhausted bulb, and means for rotating the circuitbreaker, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination in an electric lamp having an exhausted or partlyexhausted bulb, of two terminals, one in the form of a convolutedconductor and the other in the form of a ring around the wire leading tothe convoluted conductor, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination in an electric lamp, having an exhausted or partlyexhausted bulb, of two terminals one in the form of a convolutedconductor and the other in the form of an aluminum ring around the wireleading to the convoluted conductor, substantially as set forth.

Signed by me this 5th day of April, 1895.

D. MOFARLAN MOORE. 4

Witnesses:

GEo. T. PINOKNEY, S. T; I-IAVILAND.

